Kampung Batik Laweyan
Laweyen is one of the central Batik in Solo. Surely this village there are a lot of history left in this kapung and became icons Batik Solo
The history of batik in Indonesia is closely linked with the development of the Majapahit kingdom and the spread of Islam in the Land of Java. In some records, the development of batik is mostly done in times of Mataram kingdom, then in the work of Solo and Yogyakarta.
So the art of batik in Indonesia has been known since the days of work and continues to evolve to the Majapahit kingdom and the kings of the next. The start spreading this batik art belongs to the people of Indonesia and Java in particular tribe is after the end of the eighteenth century or early nineteenth century. Produced batik batik is it all until the early twentieth century and printed batik is known only after the world wars or the unity out around 1920. The connection with the spread of Islam. Many areas in the central Javanese batik are areas Batik students and then became a tool of economic perjaungan by figures Muslim traders against the Dutch economy.
Batik art is the art image on the cloth for clothing that became one of cultural keluaga Indonesia kings of old. Batik initially done only limited in the palace alone and proceeds to dress the king and family and his followers. Because many of the followers of the king who lived outside the palace, the art of batik was brought by the palace and carried them out in place of each.
Long batik art was imitated by the people nearest and further extends the work of women in the household to fill leisure time. Furthermore, batik clothes that used only the royal family, then became a popular folk clothes, both women and men. White fabric that is used when it is the result of homespun.
Moderate coloring materials used consist of plants native to Indonesia that is made among others of: noni tree, height, Soga, indigo, and materials made from soda ash soda, and salt is made from tanahlumpur.
Majapahit
Batik has become the kingdom Majahit culture, could be traced in the area of Mojokerto and Tulung Court. Mojoketo is an area closely associated with the Majapahit kingdom during the first and the origin of the name Majokerto nothing to do with Majapahit. Relation to the development of batik Majapahit Agung is grown in Tulung batik developmental history of this area, can be excavated from the relics in the days of the Majapahit kingdom. At that time Tulungagung areas which partly made up of the marshes in the history of the area known as Bonorowo, which at the time of Majapahit bekembangnya area ruled by a Duke benama Kalang, and unwilling to submit to the kingdom of Majapahit.
Told that the police action launched by Majapahati, Duke Kalang supposedly killed in the fighting around the village which is now reportedly called Kalangbret. Thus the army officers and keluara Majapahit kingdom in the region by residents or current Bonorowo named Tulungagung among others also carry original art of making batik.
Batik is now in the Mojokerto area contained in Kwali, Kirkcaldy, Betero and Sidomulyo. Outside the Mojokerto regency was in Jombang. In the late nineteenth century there are some people who are known batik in Mojokerto, the materials used at that time white cloth woven by himself and the drugs of soga jambal batik, noni, indigo tom, height and so on.
Drugs known abroad the new postwar world of unity that are sold by Chinese traders in Mojokerto. Batik is known along with the entry of drugs from abroad batik. Cap made in Bangil and batik entrepreneurs can afford market Mojokerto Porong Sidoarjo, Porong market before the economic crisis the world is known as a bustling market, where the results of production and Jetis Sidoarjo batik Kedungcangkring widely sold. Time of economic crisis, batik entrepreneurs participate Mojoketo paralyzed, because most entrepreneurs of small business. After the crisis arising batik activities back to Japan to enter Indonesia, and the Japanese occupation batik activities paralyzed again. Batik activities appear again after the revolution in which the Mojokerto already occupied areas.
Characteristic of batik Kalangbret of Mojokerto is almost equal to the output of batik-batik of Yogyakarta, which is essentially white and color coraknya brown and dark blue. Known since more than a century ago the village of batik Majan and Simo. The village also has a history as a relic from the time of Prince Diponegoro war in 1825.
Although known since ancient batik Majapahait but since the development of batik began to spread rapidly in the area and Yogyakata Surakarta in Central Java, in the era of the kingdom in this area. It appears that the development of batik in Mojokerto and subsequent Supreme Tulung more dipenagruhi style batik Solo and Yogyakarta.
In the wake of clash between the Dutch colonial army with troops of Prince Diponegoro to the majority of Kyai Mojo troops withdrew towards the east and until now the Majan. Since the Dutch colonial era to the era of independence this village village status Merdikan Majan (Special Region), and the village head was a priest whose status Uirun-temurun.Pembuatan Majan batik is an instinct (relic) of the art of making batik Diponegoro war era.
Color Babaran Majan and Simo batik is unique because of the color red babarannya (from skin Noni) and other colors of the tom. As a batik Setra famous since ancient times as well Sembung village area, which batik entrepreneurs mostly from Tulungagung Sala came in the late nineteenth century. Only now there are still some families who settled batik from Sala Sembung area. Apart from places proficiency level there are also areas of batik in Psychology and also a couple in Kediri, but the nature of most batik handicrafts and batik babarannya.
Age spread of Islam
History of batik in other areas of East Java is in Ponorogo, whose story is related to the spread of Islam in this area. History of Batik. Mentioned problem area Ponorogo batik art is closely connected with the development of Islamic religion and the kingdoms first. That said, in Batoro Katong area, there is a descendant of the Majapahit empire whose name is the younger brother of Prince Raden Patah Katong. Batoro Katong is what brought Islam to the Ponorogo and petilasan that there now is a mosque in the area Patihan Wetan.
Selanjutanya developments, in Ponorogo, in the area there is a boarding school Tegalsari Kyai Hasan Basri who cared or known as the Great Tegalsari Kyai. Tegalsari pesantren is in addition to teaching the religion of Islam also teaches administrative sciences, sciences and literature of war. A pupil of the famous from the literary field is Raden Tegalsari Ronggowarsito. Kyai Hasan Basri was taken into law by the king of Kraton Solo.
Batik art at that time confined within the palace. Therefore Solo princess palace became the wife of Kyai Hasan Basri Tegalsari and then brought into-accompaniment followed by a retinue. besides many royal families Solo dipesantren this study. The events that brought the art bafik out of the palace toward the Ponorogo. Young people who are educated in this Tegalsari when it came out, the community will donate dharma batik in fields kepamongan and religion.
Long batik areas that we can see now is the area that is Kepatihan Wetan Kauman now and from here spread to the villages Ronowijoyo, Mangunsuman, Kertosari, Setono, Cokromenggalan, Duchy, Nologaten, Bangunsari, Cekok, Banyudono and Ngunut. At that time drugs are used in batik is made in the country itself from various woods, among others; tom tree, noni, high wood. While materials made of woven kainputihnyajugamemakai carrying. Bam white cloth known in Indonesia imported roughly the end of the 19th century.
Batik-making in the new Ponorogo known after the first world war brought on by a Chinaman named Kwee Seng from Banyumas. Ponorogo area beginning of the 20th century in the famous batik indigo coloring that does not fade and that's why entrepreneurs and Solo batik from Banyumas give employment to many entrepreneurs in Ponorogo batik. As a result of the familiar printed batik production Ponorogo after World War until the outbreak of First Instance the second world war famous for his rough batik batik blue mori. Market batik rough Ponorogo then famous throughout Indonesia.
Solo and Yogyakarta Batik
Of work-in Solo and Yogyakarta royal environs 17.18 and 19 centuries, batik and widespread, especially in the area of Java Island. Batik initially just a hobby of the royal family in the past ornate clothing. But subsequent developments, pleh society developed into a commodity perdagamgan batik.
Solo Batik is famous for its style and its traditional batik pattern in the stamp and in the process of batik he wrote. The materials used for coloring is still a lot of use of domestic materials such as Java Soga had known since the first. The pattern remained among others, famous for its "Sidomukti" and "Sidoluruh".
While the origins of batik in the area since the kingdom of Mataram Yogyakarta is known to any-I with a Panembahan Senopati raj. The first area is the village of batik Plered. Batik at the time limited within the royal family is done by the queen's ladies auxiliary. From here batik extends to the first trap on the other the wife of the royal family of courtiers and soldiers. At the official ceremony the royal family royal both men and women wear clothing with kombonasi batik and striated. Therefore, this kingdom received a visit from the people and the people attracted to the clothes worn by the royal family and imitated by the people and eventually spread out batik out of the palace walls.
Due to the time of the ancient battle between the families of the kings as well as between the Dutch colonial past, so many families displaced king and settled in areas such as the new Banyumas, Pekalongan, and the stricken area Ponorogo East, Tulungagung and sebagainy a. Meluasny a local batik-stricken area to area according to the historical development of Indonesian struggle began the 18th century. Families who fled the palace this is developing all over the island of Java, batik existing and evolving according to nature and the new area.
Prince Diponegoro war against the Netherlands, urged the prince and his family and his followers had to leave the kingdom. They then spread towards the East and West. Then in the new areas that the family and followers of Prince Diponegoro to develop batik.
East to Solo and Yogyakarta Batik batik patterns that have been perfected in Mojokerto and Tulung Agung. It also spread to Gresik, Surabaya and Madura. Medium westward batik developed in Banyumas, Pekalongan, Tegal, Cirebon.
Batik developments in other cities
The development of batik in Banyumas centered in the area Sokaraja brought by the followers of Prince Diponegero after selesa-Inya war in 1830, they were mostly menet-AP Banyumas area. His followers are known at the time was Najendra and he developed batik dye in Sokaraja. Materials used mori homespun results and color additives used drugs tom tree, trees, and Noni pace that gives the red color of yellow artificiality.
Long batik gradually spread to the people and at the end Sokaraja nineteenth century is directly related to batik Solo and Ponorogo area. Areas of batik in Banyumas been known since before the motif and color in particular and is now called batik Banyumas. After the world war started batik unity also done by China in addition to their trade batik material. .
Similarly, in Pekalongan batik. The followers of Prince Diponegoro who settled in this area then develop sekitara batik business in this coastal area, namely in the area other than his own Pekalongan batik is growing rapidly in Buawaran, Pekajangan and Wonopringgo. The existence of batik in these areas almost simultaneously with other areas of batik which is about nineteenth century. Batik developments in areas outside apart from Yogyakarta and Solo is closely connected with the historical development of the kingdom of Yogyakarta and Solo.
Widespread batik out of the palace after the end of the Diponegoro war and the number of the royal family who had moved outside the stricken areas of Yogyakarta and Solo for refusing kejasama with the colonial government. The royal family took his followers stricken area on the ground that new and batik continued and then became a job for livelihood.
Style batik in this new area as well adapted to the circumstances surrounding area. Especially viewed from the Pekalongan and designya much influenced by the batik of Demak. Until the early twentieth century known batik process is morinya batik made with domestic ingredients and also some import. After the world war a new unity known batik fabrication and use of foreign medicines made in Germany and England.
At the beginning of the 20th century first recognized in Pekajangan is weaving which produces Stagen and spun yarn itself is simple. In recent years a new known batik is done by people who work this weaving sector. Growth and development is more rapid than weaving batik Stagen and never sugar mill workers in Wonopringgo and Tirto companies ran into batik, because wages are higher than the sugar factory.
Tegal batik being known in the late nineteenth century and that the time used homemade taken from plants: PACE / Morinda, indigo, Soga wood and homespun fabric. Tegal batik was first color is Sogan and Babaran gray after known indigo plant, and then increased to a red-blue color. Tegal batik market it was already out of the region of West Java, among others taken by entrepreneurs in their walk and this is according to the history of batik in Tasik develop and Ciamis in addition to other immigrants from the cities of Central Javanese batik.
In the early twentieth century was known mori import and import of new drugs known as post-war world unity. Batik entrepreneurs in Tegal mostly weak in capital and raw materials derived from the Pekalongan batik and with credit and sold in China that provide raw materials such credit. Time of economic crisis Tegal batik-batik come lethargic and enterprising new back around 1934 to the beginning of the second world war. When Japan entered batik activities die again.
Pila thus the history of batik in Purworejo along with batik in Kebumen is derived from Yogyakarta around XI century. Batik developments in Purworejo than in Kebumen faster in Kebumen. Production as well as Yogya and other Banyumas.
While in the area Bayat, Klaten District Tembayat Kebumen-located approximately 21 km east of the town of Klaten. This is the village of Bayat area, located at the foot of the mountain but the land barren and minuses. These areas include environmental Surakarta and Klaten district and a history of batik here is certainly closely related to the history of the former royal palace of Surakarta. Bayat Village is now pertilasan which can be visited by people in certain times of the "tomb of Sunan Bayat" on the mountain Jabarkat. So this Bayat batik village has existed since the time of first job. Batik entrepreneurs in Bayat had most of the handicrafts and batik workers in Solo.
While batik in Kebumen is known about the early nineteenth century brought by immigrants from the Islamic da'wah in order to Yogya, among others, are known are: PenghuluNusjaf. He is what develops in Kebumen batik and the first place is settled east Lukolo time now and there are also relics of the mosque for his efforts. The first batik process in Kebumen teng-called brother or Balambangan and subsequently the final process is done in Banyumas / Solo. Around the early twentieth century to make the pattern used turmeric which capnya made of wood. Kebumen motifs: trees, birds. Other materials used are trees pace, and indigo kemudu tom.
Use of imported drugs in Kebumen is known around the year 1920 which was introduced by the employees of Bank Rakyat Indonesia, which finally left homemade ingredients, as it saves time. Use the stamp of copper is known around the year 1930 brought by Purnomo of Yogyakarta. Area is the village of batik in Kebumen: Watugarut, Tanurekso a lot and there are several other villages.
Seen with relics that exist now and the stories of previous generations, then the estimated area known since the time of Tasikmalaya batik "Tarumanagara" where the relics of the existing number of trees is obtained there are useless Tarum un-tuk at the time of making batik . Heritage village that now there is the crude batik: batik Wurug famous for its handicraft, Sukapura, Mangunraja, Maronjaya and Tasikmalaya city.
Formerly the center of government and bustle of the famous village is Sukapura, Indihiang which is located just off the town of Tasikmalaya now. Roughly the end of XVII century and early eighteenth century as a result of a battle between kingdoms in Central Java, many of the local population: Tegal, Pekalongan, and Holy nyumas Ba-stricken area who migrated west and settled in Ciamis and Tasikmalaya. Most of them are batik entrepreneurs area and headed towards the West while the batik trade. With the arrival of these new residents, both wearing pembutan next dikenallah Soga who came from Central Java. Tasikmalaya batik production now is a mixture of batik-batik from Pekalongan, Tegal, Banyumas, Ghost of various patterns and colors.
Batik was known in Ciamis around the nineteenth century after the completion of the Diponegoro war, where followers of Diponegoro many who left Yogyakarta, head south. Some have a settled area and partly Banyumas there proceeded to the south and settled in Ciamis and Tasikmalaya now. They are gone down with keluargany a new place and settled into the population and continue to live and work procedures. Some of them are skilled in the craft of batik as domestic work for women. Eventually, this work could develop in the surrounding residents as a result of daily life or family relationships. The materials used for the results of homespun cloth and paint materials made from trees such as noni, tree tom, and so on.
Batik motif Ciamis result is a blend of Central Javanese batik and their own regional influence, especially the color motif and scraping. Until the early twentieth century batik in Ciamis growing little by little, of its own needs into the production market. Being in the area of Cirebon batik there kaintannya with aerah kingdoms, namely Kanoman, Kasepuahn and Keprabonan. The main source of batik Cirebon, the case is the same as that in Yogyakarta and Solo. Batik appears the palace, and carried out by the courtiers who reside outside the palace. Ancient kings delighted with the paintings and cotton yarn before known, the painting was placed on palm leaves. It happened around the XIII century. It has to do with batik motifs on the fabrics. Characteristic of most of the batik Cirebonan motivated images of forests and wildlife symbol. While the motive of the sea due to natural dipengaruhioleh Chinese thought, which the sultanate of Cirebon Chinese princess once edited. Sementra Cirebonan batik depicting eagles as influenced by Yogya and Solo batik motifs.
